According to the Center for Open Science, "open science is about transparency (making research visible), sharing (making research accessible and usable), and inclusivity (Involving and crediting more contributors to research). These principles aim to democratize access to research, promote equitable resource distribution, foster accountability and trustworthiness, accelerate self-correction, and improve rigor and reproducibility."
There are many open science practices across the research lifecycle, which can include:
For more, see the Center for Open Science's Transparency and Openness (TOP) Guidelines, which provide a suite of tools to guide implementation of better, more transparent research.